Predictors of mortality in hemodialysis patients.

INTRODUCTION: Mortality in patients with chronic renal failure is high compared to the general population. The objective of our study is to evaluate the predictive factors related to mortality in hemodialysis. METHODS: This is a retrospective study involving 126 hemodialysis patients in the Nephrology Department of Ibn Rochd Hospital, Casablanca. Data were collected between January 2012 and January 2016. For each of our patients, we analyzed demographic, clinical, biological and anthropometric data. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used to evaluate and compare survival curves. To evaluate the effect of predictors of mortality, we used the proportional Cox hazard model. RESULTS: The analysis of the results showed that the surviving patients were younger than the deceased patients (43.07±13.52 years versus 53.09±13.56 years, p=0.001). Also, the latter has a significantly lower albumin and prealbumin levels (p=0.01 and p=0.04 respectively). Overall survival was 80.2%. Cox regression analysis at age (HR=1.26, p<0.0002), inflammation (HR=1.15, p<0.03), AIP> 0.24 (HR=2.1, p<0.002) and cardiovascular disease (RR=2.91, p<0.001) were associated with global and cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the mortality rate is high in our cohort. In addition, cardiovascular diseases, under nutrition and inflammation are predictive factors for mortality. Treatment and early management of these factors are essential for reducing morbidity and mortality.

Assessing the prevalence of protein-energy wasting in haemodialysis patients: A cross-sectional monocentric study.

INTRODUCTION: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is a strong predictive factor for morbidity and mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients. However, there is no consensus for its assessment. The present study aimed to assess the nutritional status of patients on chronic HD by use of different nutritional assessment parameters, and at verifying which can identify the greatest number of HD patients with PEW. Also, to investigate predictors of nutritional status in a haemodialysis center in Morocco. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis performed on 126 patients aged 44.82±14.01 years, undergoing maintenance HD in the Department of nephrology of the university hospital centre of Casablanca, Morocco. Energy and nutrients intake assessment was obtained by a three-day period food recall. Biochemical parameters, bioelectric impedance analysis, and subjective global assessment (SGA), have been performed to assess nutritional status. RESULTS: According to SGA the prevalence of PEW was 74.62%. However, when using the ISRMN malnutrition criteria only 36.50% of the patients were diagnosed with PEW. Pearson correlation showed a negative association between the degree of malnutrition evaluated by SGA and serum prealbumin (r=-0.54; P=0.0001), serum albumin (r=-0.50; P=0.001), energy (r=-0.34; P=0.002), protein intake (r=-0.41; P=0.0001), and a significant positive correlation with CRP (r=0.65; P=0.0001) was determined, but not with anthropometric measurements nor lipids profile. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.841 (95% CI: 0.751-0.932) for serum prealbumin, and 0.737 (95% CI: 0.634-0.840) for serum albumin. CONCLUSION: Our results showed a high prevalence of PEW among Haemodialysis patients. Also, our findings suggest that SGA, serum albumin and prealbumin may be relative appropriate and practical markers for assessing nutritional status in HD patients.